Hajj Pilgrimage Routes

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The map shows the main routes for performing the Hajj around the year of 1859. We often picture a long caravan making its way to Mecca, but from at least the 1800’s, reaching Mecca was often made by boat. There were always risks associated with performing the Hajj. Everything from disease, thieves or risking ones life at the hand of a strangers gun.

Assembling the yearly Hajj caravan in Damascus. Featuring the Mahmal of Damascus. US Library of Congress
A hajj caravan on its long overland journey to Mecca, ca 1910. US Library of Congress
People heading to Mecca by way of the sea – the more popular way of performing the long journey, ca 1910. US Library of Congress
Great caravan departing from Medina to Mecca, ca 1910. US Library of Congress
View of Mecca, ca 1885. Leiden University Library
The Ka’bah, ca 1885. Leiden University Library